The topic of pain relief is a pressing issue for pet owners; cats react especially acutely to medications. For example, a medicine such as Lidocaine is used only as prescribed by a veterinarian, under his supervision. Seriously ill animals are euthanized using this medication. It is not recommended to treat your pet yourself; such actions can harm the animal.
Contraindications: in what cases should it not be used?
- Kidney failure.
- Liver disorders.
- Pregnancy, lactation.
- Stomach ulcer.
- Allergy.
If the risk of developing anaphylactic shock in an animal is low, then it makes sense to resort to this drug.
Lidocaine solution for cats is used if the expected result from the injection exceeds the negative side effects, namely cardiac arrest, anaphylactic shock, respiratory paralysis, collapse. Veterinarians claim that the negative effect of the drug on cats is not considered a pattern, but rather an individual characteristic of the animal. The drug also acts negatively if the dosage is not followed.
How to properly numb the skin with lidocaine?
Bibliography
1 GRLS, r/u LP-004175 dated 03/03/2017
2 Certificate GMP-0036-000221/18
3 Greveling K, Prens EP, Ten Bosch N, van Doorn MB. Comparison of lidocaine/tetracaine cream and lidocaine/prilocaine cream for local anesthesia during laser treatment of acne keloidalis nuchae and tattoo removal: results of two randomized controlled trials. Br J Dermatol. 2021 Jul 5. doi:10.1111/bjd.14848 Hernandez E.;
4 J. Cassuto, R. Sinclair, M. Bonderovic, Anti-inflammatory properties of local anesthetics and their present and potential clinical implications. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2006; 50; 265-282]
5 Based on IQVIA report March 2021 - September 2021
6 Russian medical journal. Zhigultsova T.I., Parkaeva L.V., Ilyina E.E., Vissarionov V.A.: “Experience of using 5% Emla cream in the practice of dermatocosmetologists”
7 Instructions for use of the medicinal product for medical use Acriol Pro
8 T.N. Calvey, N.E. Williams. Pharmacology for anesthesiologists. Publishing house Binom, Moscow, 2007, 119-128
9 Based on the report “Anesthetics in injection cosmetology for 2016” Vademecum Analytical Center for sales volume.
10 T.I. Zhigultsova, Ph.D. L.V. Parkaeva, E.E. Ilyina, professor V.A. Vissarionov: “Experience of using 5% Emla cream in the practice of dermatocosmetologists” Cosmetology and plastic surgery. Vol. 16, No. 9, 2008
11 On the Russian market there are so-called cosmetic products containing lidocaine and not registered as medicines
12 Cling film can be used as an occlusive dressing
13 Drug Release Studies on an Oil-Water Emulsion Based on a Eutectic Mixture of Lidocaine and Prilocaine as the Dispersed Phase
14 Federal Law-61 “On the Circulation of Medicines” dated April 12, 2010, Federal Law-323 “On the Fundamentals of Protecting the Health of Citizens in the Russian Federation” dated November 21, 2011 and Federal Law-532 “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation Regarding Counteraction to Trafficking falsified, counterfeit, substandard and unregistered medicines, medical devices and counterfeit dietary supplements" dated December 31, 2014.
15 Federal Law-532, Technical Regulations of the Customs Union on the safety of perfumery and cosmetic products, Federal Law 61, Federal Law 532, Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, Art. 235, 238, 227
16 V.V. Osipova.MMA named after. I.M. Sechenov. Psychological aspects of pain. Lecture. №1/2010
17 According to GMP News. Analysis of the market for local anesthetics used in cosmetic injections in 2021.
18 One type of occlusive dressing, namely: bandage, cling film, adhesive tape or rubberized fabric
19 The combination of lidocaine and prilocaine in concentrations above 0.5-2% has bactericidal and antiviral properties. In Akriol Pro the concentration is 5%.
20 A.A. Stepanov, G.V. Yatsyk, L.S. Namazova Method of preventing pain in young children during vaccination // Into the practice of pediatricians - 09.14.2006 -
21 N.V. Klipinina, RMJ, Some features of the perception and experience of pain by children: a psychologist’s view, reprint. 2007.1-7
22 E.A. Ranneva. The use of EMLA® cream in the complex correction of cosmetic imperfections. Experimental and clinical dermatocosmetology 2010, No. 2: 48-53.
23 Gonzalez S. Evaluation of Topical Anesthetics by Laser-Induced Sensation. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 23:167–171(1998));
24 V.G. Lebedyuk et al. Anesthesia in dermatocosmetology. Experimental and clinical dermatocosmetology, 2010 No. 5
25 Meltem F. Söyleva Nilüfer Koçaka Bahar Kuvakia Seyhan B. Özkanb Erkin Ki˙rb; Anesthesia with Cream for Botulinum A Toxin Injection into Eyelids. Ophthalmologica 2002;216:355–358
26 E.V. Matuszewska and authors. Topical local anesthetics in cosmetology. Clinical Dermatology and Venereology. 03.2017 pp. 89-96
27 Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management 2006:2(1) 99 – 113
28 F. Michael Ferrante, Timothy R. Wade Bopcore Postoperative Pain. Management. Per. from English/Ed. M.: Medicine, 1998.- 640 pp., p. 243
29 Lakhin R.E. Local anesthetics. Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimatology of the Military Medical Academy named after. S.M.Kirova, St. Petersburg, 2013, Committee on Ultrasound Technologies of the All-Russian public organization “Federation of Anesthesiologists and Resuscitators.” Clinical guidelines “Intensive therapy for systemic toxicity with local anesthetics. Moscow - St. Petersburg 2015 Page. 10 https://www.far.org.ru/recomendation
30 Wetter DA et al. J American Acad. Dermatol. 2010;63(5):789-98
31 https://www.1nep.ru/articles/issledovanie-sostava-populyarnykh-mestnykh-anestetikov/
32 ORDER OF THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF THE RUSSIA dated 08.10.2015 No. 707n
33 Davydov O.S. Peripheral and central mechanisms of the transition of acute pain to chronic pain and the possible role of cyclooxygenase 2 inhibition in the prevention of chronic pain syndrome. Neurology, neuropsychiatry, psychosomatics. 2016;8(2):10-16.
34 J. ALASTAIR CARRUTHERS, MD, JEAN DA CARRUTHERS, MD. Safety of Lidocaine 15% and Prilocaine 5% Topical Ointment Used as Local Anesthesia for Intense Pulsed Light Treatment. Dermatologic Surgery 2010;36:1130–1137
35 Ya-Xian et al. The number of cells in the stratum corneum of normal skin depending on the anatomical location on the body, age, gender and physical parameters Archives Dermatol Res 1999; 291:555–559.
36 J. Morgan, Magid S. Michael. Clinical anesthesiology, Book 1. Binomial. Moscow St. Petersburg, 2001
37 Arendt-Nielsen L, Bjerring P, Nielsen J. Acta Derm Venereol 1990;70:314-318
38 Belarusian State Medical University. 2nd Department of Therapeutic Dentistry. Therapeutic dentistry. Part 1. Ed. A.G. Tretyakovich, L.G. Borisenko.
39 Dermatol Surg 1999;25:950-954
40 K. Greveling et al. Br J Dermatol 176(1), 81-86. 2021 Dec 10
41 Juhlin and Evers Adv Dermatol 1990;5:75-92
42 Arendt-Nielsen L, Bjerring P, Nielsen J. Acta Derm Venereol 1990;70:314-318
43 Study Desensor 001. Wahlgren CF, Quiding H. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;42:584-8.
44 https://www.1nep.ru/estetic/articles/13952/
45 Guide to dermatocosmetology, edited by E.R. Arabia and E.V. Sokolovsky. St. Petersburg: Foliant Publishing House LLC, 2008 - 632 pp.
46 https://www.1nep.ru/estetic/articles/132197/
47 https://medside.ru/dikain
48 https://medi.ru/instrukciya/novokain_9473/
49 https://medside.ru/anestezin
50 https://grls.rosminzdrav.ru/Default.aspx
51 Radman et al.2002, Yamashita., 2003
52 https://www.krasotaimedicina.ru/diseases/hematologic/methemoglobinemia
53 Evers H, Scott B, Dahlquist AC. Dermal analgesia after epicutaneous application of 5% cream, 5% prilocaine cream, 5% lidocaine cream and placebo cream, to volunteers. Study 89EM03 (n= 21, cross-over). CSR 802-10AC088-2,1989.
54 MASMI. A study of users of skin anesthetics. June 2018
55 O.M. Burylina, A.V. Karpova. Cosmetology. Clinical guidelines. GEOTAR-Media. Moscow, 2018
56 Postoperative pain: the role of peripheral and central sensitization mechanisms. https://rsra.rusanesth.com/publ/posleoperatcionnaya_bol.html
57 Paul M. Friedman, MD, Jushua P. Fogelman, MD and others. Comparative Study of the Efficacy of Four Topical Anesthetics. Dermatolog Surg 1999; 25:950-954
58 https://www.1nep.ru/articles/rynok-kosmeticheskikh-anestetikov-dlya-kozhi/
59 https://www.rlsnet.ru/mnn_index_id_879.htm
60 https://yandex.ru/health/pills/product/ultrakain-ds-2195
61 https://grls.rosminzdrav.ru/Default.aspx on 02/15/2021
62 Ziganshin O.R. Comparison of the effectiveness and safety of topical local anesthetics for superficial surgical interventions in dermatology. Clinical dermatology and venereology. 2018;17(6):53-60. https://doi.org/10.17116/klinderma 20181706153
63 Comparison of Topical Anesthetics for Radiofrequency Ablation of Achrocordons: Eutectic Mixture of Lignocaine/Prilocaine versus Lidocaine/Tetracaine Pratik Gahalaut,1 Nitin Mishra,1 Sandhya Chauhan,2 and Madhur Kant Rastogi11Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Nainital Road, Bareilly 243001, India2Department of Pediatrics, Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Nainital Road, Bareilly 243001, India
64 https://www.gazeta.ru/science/2012/11/01_kz_4837701.shtml
65 https://www.kp.md/daily/23716.3/53610/
66 https://doktorbel.livejournal.com/29873.html
67 https://politeka.net/zdorovye/870023-uchenye-vyjasnili-kak-muzhchiny-i-zhenshhiny-zapominajut-bol-kto-vynoslivee/
68 https://spacefacts.ru/news/people-and-medicine/psychology/792-udovolstvie-ili-bol.html
69 https://tattooinfo.ru/raznoe/foto-prokolotoj-guby-vidy-kak-delat-uxod-za-mestom-prokola.html
70 https://tatuazhpro.ru/pirsing/indastrial.html
71 https://sprs-therapy.ru/faq/V-kakih-sluchayah-nuzhno-primenyat-SPRS-terapiyu_i-v-kakih-nelzya
72 https://sprs-therapy.ru/faq/Kakim-obrazom-provoditsya-SPRS-terapiya
73 https://cosmetology-info.ru/6425/Metody-udaleniya-vtorogo-podborodka/
74 https://beauty.net.ru/public/inektsionnaya_konturnaya_plastika_nososleznoy_borozdy/
75 https://www.1nep.ru/articles/131016/
76 Morrison A.V., Bocharova Yu.M., Morrison V.V. Botulism toxin - a therapeutic effect in cosmetology (review). Saratov Scientific and Medical Journal 2016; 12(3):521–524.
77 A.V. Gara, V.G. Zolotareva, Features of botulinum therapy for aesthetic indications for patients over 45 years old, Injection methods in cosmetology No. 4-2011 – 54-60 s
78 Methodological manual on mesotherapy for students of postgraduate and additional professional education. / Shamov B.A., Dyadkin V.Yu., Zhelonkina T.I./ – Kazan: KSMU, 2011. – 60 p.
79 https://www.1nep.ru/estetic/articles/119953/
80 Evers H, Scott B, Dahlquist AC. Dermal analgesia after epicutaneous application of EMLA 5% cream, 5% prilocaine cream, 5% lidocaine cream and placebo cream, to volunteers. Study 89EM03 (n= 21, cross-over). CSR 802-10AC088-2,1989.
81 https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/index.cfm?event=overview.process&ApplNo=019941
82 Superficial, medium or deep peeling: what to choose - https://medbooking.com/blog/post/
83 Features of medium peels – https://www.1nep.ru/estetic/articles/190169/
84 Facial peeling – https://cosmetology-info.ru/668/Piling-litsa/
85 Plastic surgery of cheekbones with fillers – https://cheap-fillers.ru/articles/plastika-skul-fillerami
86 Ozone therapy (O3) for the face - a revolutionary beauty technology - https://plastichno.com/cosmetology/ozonoterapiya-dlya-litsa#i-7
87 Effective face lift with liquid mesothreads: what is it and what are the popular brands? – https://beautyexpert.pro/kosmetologiya/inektsionnaya/tredlifting/vidy-nitej/zhidkie-mezoniti.html
88 Mesotherapy of the periorbital area using peptide cocktails – https://www.manuolog.ru/info/about/articles/stati-po-kosmetologii/mezoterapiya-periorbitalnoy-oblasti-s-primeneniem-peptidnykh-kokteyley/
89 Enzyme hair removal: getting rid of excess vegetation – https://plastikaplus.ru/kosmetologiya/epilyaciya/enzimnaya.html
90 Liquid mesothreads and traditional threadlifting: advantages and disadvantages – https://aesthetic-futures.com.ua/zhidkie-mezoniti-i-tradicionnyj-tredlifting-preimushhestva-i-nedostatki
91 Cannula in cosmetology and medicine – https://ladysdream.ru/kanyulya.html
92 7 myths about anesthesia: what are we afraid of? – https://www.psychologies.ru/articles/7-mifov-o-narkoze-chego-myi-boimsya/
93 Medium peeling - an uncompromising method of rejuvenation - https://plastichno.com/cosmetology/sredinnyj-piling#i-3
94 Khunger N. Standard guidelines of care for chemical peels. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2008;74(Suppl):S5-S12 – https://pro.bhub.com.ua/cosmetology/himiceskie-pilingi-standartnye-rekomendacii-po-primeneniu#
95 Kim Lawless - 10 secrets of successful hair removal - https://www.cosmo.ru/beauty/body/10-sekretov-udachnoy-epilyacii/
96 All about Sugaring - https://www.gabbi-shugaring.ru/vse-o-shugaringe#rec61612476
97 Hirsutism – https://www.krasotaimedicina.ru/diseases/zabolevanija_endocrinology/hirsutism
98. Intralesional interferon therapy for recurrent warts, G. E. Bagramova, T.G. Sedova, A.N. Khlebnikova // Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases No. 1, 2013 – 23-26 p.
99. Korolkova T.N., Goma S.E. Study of the effect of mesotherapy with pineal gland peptides on skin moisture and elasticity, Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2017; 20(5) – 305-310 p.
100. S.V. Klyuchareva, S.M. Nikonova, I.V. Ponomarev, Laser treatment of benign pigmented skin tumors, experimental and clinical dermatocosmetology No. 3, 2006 – 22-31 p.
101. Photorejuvenation in the complex correction of age-related skin changes, N.I. Tsisanova, Journal of Applied Aesthetics No. 1, 2007
102. https://plastichno.com/cosmetology/fotoomolozhenie
103. Current state of the problem of human papillomavirus infection / L. A. Yusupova, E. I. Yunusova, Z. Sh. Garayeva, G. I. Mavlyutova, K. A. Salakhutdinova // Attending physician No. 7/2019; Page numbers in the issue: 64-67 – https://www.lvrach.ru/2019/07/15437345
104. Human papillomavirus infection of the genitals in women, S.I. Rogovskaya, V.N. Prilepskaya, E.A. Mezhevitinova, M.N. Kostava // Bulletin of Dermatology and Venereology, N 6-1998, pp. 48-51. – https://nature.web.ru/db/msg.html?mid=1178539&uri=index.html
105. https://www.1nep.ru/estetic/articles/183501/
106. https://www.1nep.ru/articles/208888/
107. https://cosmetology-info.ru/6925/salon-procedures-Lipolitiki-dlya-litsa/
108. https://www.1nep.ru/articles/204894/
109. https://www.verywellhealth.com/stratum-corneum-anatomy-1069189
110. Turkin P.Yu., Rodionov S.V., Somov N.O., Mirgatia I.O. Venous trophic ulcers: current state of the issue // General Medicine. 2021. No. 1. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/venoznye-troficheskie-yazvy-sovremennoe-sostoyanie-voprosa
111. Kruglova Larisa Sergeevna, Panina Anastasia Nikolaevna, Strelkovich Tatyana Igorevna Trophic ulcers of venous origin // Russian Journal of Skin and Venereal Diseases. 2014. No. 1. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/troficheskie-yazvy-venoznogo-geneza
112. Yu.M. Stoiko, A.I. Kirienko, I.I. Zatevakhin, A.V. Pokrovsky, A.A. Karpenko et al., Russian clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic venous diseases // Phlebology No. 3, 2021 – 143-240 pp. — https://webmed.irkutsk.ru/doc/pdf/ven2009.pdf
113. Dovnar R.I., Smotrin S.M. Trophic ulcers of the lower extremities: modern aspects of etiology and pathogenesis // Journal of GrSMU. 2009. No. 4 (28). URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/troficheskie-yazvy-nizhnih-konechnostey-sovremennye-aspekty-etiologii-i-pathogeneza
114. Burleva E.P., Babushkina Yu.V. Experience in outpatient treatment of trophic foot ulcers that complicated the course of diabetes mellitus // Hospital-replacing technologies: Outpatient surgery. 2021. No. 3-4. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/opyt-ambulatornogo-lecheniya-troficheskih-yazv-stop-oslozhnivshih-techenie-saharnogo-diabeta
115. Kutsenko I.V., Andrashko Yu.V. Conservative treatment of trophic ulcers of the lower extremities in chronic venous insufficiency // Methodological recommendations. 2007. https://medinfo.center/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/metodichka-tya.pdf
116. Trophic ulcers of the lower extremities in outpatient clinic practice//Methodological recommendations for fourth-year students of the Faculty of Medicine. 2020 https://rsmu.ru/fileadmin/templates/DOC/Faculties/LF/fsurg2/algoritm_dignost/UP/3._UP_Troficheskie_rasstroi__stva_kozhi_nizhnikh_konechnostei__.pdf
117. Russian clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic venous diseases. Phlebology, issue No. 2. 2013 https://www.mrckb.ru/files/flebologii.pdf
118. I. L. Mikitin, G. Z. Karapetyan, L. V. Kochetova, S. V. Yakimov, R. A. Pakhomova Modern view on the treatment of trophic ulcers // Creative surgery and oncology. 2013. No. 4. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/sovremennyy-vzglyad-na-lechenie-troficheskih-yazv
119. Aralova M.V. Personalized technology for regional treatment of patients with trophic ulcers of the lower extremities. dis. for the academic degree of Doctor of Medical Sciences Voronezh, 2019
120. Lok et al. J Amer Acad Derm 1999;40:208-13. (Study EM9405)
121. Hansson C et al. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 1993;73:231-233.
122. Order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated October 13, 2017 No. 804n “On approval of the range of medical services.
123. Order of the Ministry of Health dated October 8, 2018 No. 707n “On approval of qualification requirements for medical and pharmaceutical workers with higher education in the field of training “Health and Medical Sciences”
124. 124. Starostina L.S. Helping control pain in children: advice from a pediatrician. Medical advice. 2021;(1):263–268. doi: 10.21518/2079-701X-2021-1-263-268
Safe use
Before administering an injection of Lidocaine, the doctor tests the animal to identify allergic reactions; if there are none, treatment using this medicine is prescribed. For example, local anesthesia can be performed using medications such as Lidocaine + Nalbuphine; the dosage of the solution in this case is less (about 3.5 mg/kg).
Hopelessly ill cats are euthanized using this medication; this cannot be done at home, otherwise the pet will experience a painful death. "Lidocaine" has a blocking effect, causes vascular collapse, and does not allow cardiac signals to pass through. To euthanize a cat, the medicine must be injected only into a vein; an injection into the lung will bring a painful death to the animal (respiratory paralysis).
Combination with other medications
For the treatment of cats, a medical drug such as Ceftriaxone is used; it is diluted with a 2% solution of Novocaine and is available in powder form. This antibiotic treats complex infectious diseases, is prescribed for prophylaxis after surgery, and has a wide spectrum of action. An injection of such a medicine includes: 1 g of antibiotic, 2 ml of painkiller, 2 ml of water for injection. The Lidocaine solution is not recommended for use in the treatment of cats, even if it is a spray, but there is no categorical ban on its use.
Difficult choice problem
The question of whether a cat can take lidocaine is one of the most controversial. Review folders of veterinary clinics and specialized forums are filled with terrible stories about the death of animals after the use of lidocaine. At the same time, almost as often there are references to the absence of a pathological reaction to this drug in caudate patients, and veterinarians sometimes recommend diluting antibiotic powder (for example, Ceftriaxone) with a 2% solution of Lidocaine.
© shutterstock
Proponents of the use of lidocaine are usually confident that severe consequences are the result of exceeding the dosage or using the drug in too high a concentration.
The conclusion from what has been said is simple. There is great individual variation in the response of cats to lidocaine. In addition, this drug often causes severe allergic reactions, even in humans. Therefore, its use in cats should be avoided if possible. Only a doctor can authorize its use, and he must carefully determine the dose and be sure to inject the drug himself.
